The National Museum of the Romanian Peasant holds the richest collection of peasant objects in Romania. The almost 90,000 items in its heritage are witnesses that can help our contemporaries to understand village culture. This veritable treasure trove of national and international interest is stored and conserved according to rigorous scientific criteria and benefits, since the collection’s creation, from systematic catalogues and a complex of files created later. Practical reasons, as well as established laws of storage and conservation, have led to the division of the heritage into several collections: Ceramics, Miscellaneous (Customs), Wood, Furniture and Popular Hardware, Samples, Popular Costumes, Religious, Interior Textiles with the two categories – Carpets and Home Textiles – and Foreign Countries.

It was established in 1906 and continued to grow through field research in all Romanian provinces, which led to acquisitions and donations of all the traditional arts among which ceramics, wood and textiles were the most richly represented.